Postfix Evaluation

Postfix Evaluation

Simple

当算术表达式以我们熟悉的后缀符号2 + 3 × 4 表示时,括号会提示不同的运算顺序,使其有别于通常由每个运算符的优先级和关联性决定的PEMDAS 顺序。另一种后缀符号(也称为Reverse Polish Notation )可能会让习惯于传统后缀符号的人感到奇怪。然而,后缀符号对机器来说更容易使用,因为它允许对任何预期的运算顺序进行编码,而不需要任何括号!

后缀表达式以list 的形式给出,items ,可以是单个整数,也可以是表示四个基本算术运算符的字符串 "+"、"-"、"*"和"/"之一。使用初始为空的堆栈来求值后缀表达式。从左到右逐项循环。只要当前项是整数,就将其追加到列表末尾。否则,从列表末尾弹出两个项来执行该操作,并将结果追加回列表。假定 items 是一个合法的后缀表达式(本问题中保证了这一点,因此不需要进行任何错误检测或恢复),一旦所有项目都已处理完毕,堆栈中剩下的唯一数字就会成为最终答案。

为了避免浮点运算的复杂性,应该使用 Python 整数除法运算符// 来执行除法运算,该运算符会将结果截断为整数部分。此外,为了避免因除以零而崩溃,这个问题还附带了一个人为的(但mathematically 完全正确的)规则,即除以零的结果为零,而不是崩溃。

example

通过添加更多运算符和另一个辅助堆栈,可以围绕后缀求值构建整个图灵完备的编程语言。请访问“Forth” 页面,了解这种巧妙而简单的串联编程语言的更多信息。

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